Gate-stack materials compatibility challenges
David C. Gilmer (

)
Motorola, Materials Development and Integration, Austin TX 78721, USA
MOSFET devices have been aggressively scaled to improve performance, but the
continuing push to decrease device feature size is limited by some of the
physical properties of the current materials. Current technology forecasts
show that deep sub-micron device scaling will soon require SiO2 gate
dielectrics to be scaled to much less than 2 nm. It is generally accepted
that such scaling will lead to increased tunneling currents from these very
thin SiO2 gate dielectrics resulting in an unacceptable power consumption and
decreased reliability. One alternative is to replace SiO2 with a material
having a higher dielectric constant that will allow the use of a thicker, and
therefore less leaky, gate dielectric. Towards this end, high dielectric
constant metal-oxide materials calculated to be thermodynamically stable
against silicon, have been evaluated to replace SiO2 as a gate dielectric with
the desire to preserve a conventional device fabrication process. However,
even though thermodynamic calculations using bulk material data do not predict
a reaction for the evaluated metal-oxides with silicon or SiH4, at process
temperatures used, incompatibilities or adverse reactions are often observed.
Results of investigations to circumvent the observed adverse reaction with the
conventional poly-Si process using a metal oxide gate dielectric, as well as
alternate schemes for silicon gate processing and gate materials will be
reported.